Soaking time for queñua seeds (Polylepis pacensis) in seedling production as a climate-resilient species

Abstract

The high Andean region is characterized by a unique diversity of tree species, the result of evolutionary processes associated with extreme environmental conditions, such as low temperatures, high solar radiation, and limited water availability. In this context, the presence of highly specialized species stands out, particularly the queñua (Polylepis pacensis), which is ecologically important due to its role in water regulation, soil conservation, and habitat provision. Additionally, its tolerance to adverse conditions gives it potential for restoration and adaptation to climate change. The study was conducted at the multipurpose nursery of the Cota Cota Experimental Center, with the aim of determining the effect of soaking time on seed germination capacity. A completely randomized design was implemented using a two-factor arrangement, with the type of soaking solution (drinking water and willow infusion) and treatment duration (24, 48, and 72 hours) as factors. In total, six treatments were established, each with three replicates, in addition to a control group without treatment. Variables related to germination, emergence, and initial seedling development were analyzed. The results showed that immersion in drinking water for 24 hours optimized the germination response, achieving a 70 % germination rate and a 52% emergence rate. It also recorded the highest post-transplant survival rate, at 84 %, confirming that quinoa seedlings exhibit morphological characteristics of resistance to the extreme conditions of climate change, based on a Dickson index of 8.23.